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Sains Malaysiana 54(2)(2025): 517-534
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2025-5402-17
Peat Water
Purification using Pahae Natural Zeolite and
Activated Carbon Derived from Candlenut Shell (Aleurites moluccana)
(Pembersihan Air Gambut menggunakan Zeolit Semula Jadi Pahae dan Karbon Teraktif Diperoleh daripada Tempurung Kemiri (Aleurites moluccana))
SUSILAWATI
SUSILAWATI*, SARLENNI T PADANG, ERNA FRIDA, PERDINAN SINUHAJI, ANDRIYANI ANDRIYANI, MUTIA IRMA
Department of
Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia
Diserahkan: 24 Ogos 2024/Diterima: 19 November 2024
Abstract
The escalating demand for freshwater due to the increased global
population and intensified industrial activities necessitates innovative
approaches to water treatment. This study explores the efficacy of a novel
composite adsorbent material consisting of Pahae natural zeolite and activated carbon derived from candlenut shells for
purifying peat water. This research synthesizes and evaluates the composite
under varying conditions to determine its potential as an effective adsorbent
material. Characterization methods included X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning
electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD),
Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller
(BET) and physical properties of adsorbent. The results demonstrated that the
80:20% zeolite to activated carbon ratio exhibited the highest porosity of
56.49% and a significant water absorption capacity of 53.65%. This composition
also achieved the most peat water substantial purification lowering the initial
turbidity, pH, color, iron and manganese
concentration from 175.4 TCU, 31.32 NTU, pH 5, 1.44 mg/L, and 0.76 mg/L to 41.7
TCU, 11.24 NTU, pH 6.8, 0.242 mg/L, and 0.020 mg/L. SEM analyses showed a more
porous surface morphology at 80:20% which corroborated with the higher
purification of peat water. The adsorption mechanisms involving physical
adsorption due to pore size were integral as the adsorbent in capturing
contaminants. The findings suggest that such adsorbent can be tailored to
improve performance and provide a viable solution to the global freshwater
scarcity challenge.
Keywords: Activated carbon; adsorbent;
natural zeolite; peat water; water treatment
Abstrak
Permintaan air tawar yang semakin meningkat berikutan pertambahan penduduk global dan aktiviti perindustrian yang semakin giat memerlukan pendekatan inovatif untuk rawatan air. Penyelidikan ini mengkaji keberkesanan bahan penjerap komposit baharu yang terdiri daripada zeolit asli Pahae dan karbon teraktif yang diperoleh daripada cengkerang kemiri untuk menulenkan air gambut. Penyelidikan ini mensintesis dan menilai komposit dalam keadaan yang berbeza-beza untuk menentukan potensinya sebagai bahan penjerap yang berkesan. Kaedah pencirian termasuk pendarfluor sinar-X (XRF), mikroskop elektron pengimbasan (SEM), tenaga penyerakan sinar-X (EDX), pembelauan sinar-X (XRD), transformasi Fourier inframerah (FTIR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) dan sifat fizikal penjerap.
Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa nisbah 80:20% zeolit kepada karbon teraktif menunjukkan keliangan tertinggi sebanyak 56.49% dan kapasiti penyerapan air yang ketara sebanyak 53.65%. Komposisi ini juga mencapai penulenan besar air gambut yang paling banyak dengan merendahkan kekeruhan awal, pH, warna, besi dan kepekatan mangan daripada 175.4 TCU, 31.32 NTU, pH 5, 1.44 mg/L dan 0.76
mg/L kepada 41.7 TCU, 11.24 NTU, pH 6.8, 0.242 mg/L
dan 0.020 mg/L. Analisis SEM menunjukkan morfologi permukaan yang lebih berliang pada 80:20% yang disokong dengan penulenan air gambut yang lebih tinggi. Mekanisme penjerapan yang melibatkan penjerapan fizikal disebabkan saiz liang adalah penting sebagai penjerap dalam menangkap bahan cemar. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa penjerap tersebut boleh disesuaikan untuk meningkatkan prestasi dan menyediakan penyelesaian yang berdaya maju kepada cabaran kekurangan air tawar global.
Kata kunci: Air gambut; karbon teraktif;
penjerap; rawatan air; zeolit asli
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